Digging is a common yet often puzzling behavior exhibited by many dogs, both indoors and outdoors. While it can sometimes seem like an odd or frustrating habit, digging is actually a natural canine behavior with deep-rooted reasons that range from instinctual to psychological. Dogs dig for a variety of reasons, and understanding these causes can help you address the behavior effectively. Marissa Corbett of Shamong, New Jersey, has helped many dog owners understand why their dogs dig and how to approach this behavior in a way that is both compassionate and effective.
Instinctual Behavior: Digging as a Natural Trait
One of the primary reasons dogs dig is due to their natural instincts. Dogs are descendants of wild canines, such as wolves, who dug to create a comfortable resting space or to hunt for food. For instance, wild dogs dig to create a den, protecting themselves from harsh weather or predators. This instinct remains intact in many domestic dogs, and they may dig to mimic these natural behaviors, even in the comfort of your home or yard.
In the wild, dogs also dig to uncover food sources or to create a cooler, more comfortable place to rest. Some breeds, especially terriers, have a strong digging instinct due to their history as hunters of burrowing animals like rabbits and rodents. These breeds are more likely to dig, whether in the backyard or when they’re left alone. The act of digging, in these cases, may serve as a form of “hunting” or an outlet for excess energy.
Comfort and Temperature Regulation
Another reason dogs dig is to regulate their temperature. Many dogs dig when they’re feeling hot or cold in an effort to find a more comfortable place. When a dog is too hot, they may dig in the dirt to reach cooler ground or to create a shady area. On the other hand, if they are feeling too cold, they may dig in an attempt to create a warmer, more insulated space.
This behavior is more noticeable in dogs with thick coats or those with a high energy level that generate a lot of body heat. Dogs may dig up a blanket, pillow, or even the floor to make their resting spot more comfortable. Additionally, some dogs dig as a means of “nesting,” which is instinctual behavior that is meant to create a safe and comfortable space for sleeping.
Attention-Seeking Behavior
For some dogs, digging may be a form of attention-seeking behavior. If a dog has learned that digging leads to their owner’s attention, whether it’s positive or negative, they may continue the behavior in hopes of getting noticed. This is particularly common in puppies and young dogs who are still learning the ropes of how to communicate with their owners.
If your dog digs and you immediately scold them, they might interpret this as a form of attention, even if it’s negative. Conversely, if you praise your dog for digging, they may see it as a way to earn rewards or affection. It’s important to recognize that dogs are very much creatures of habit, and if they receive attention or a response every time they dig, they are more likely to continue doing it.
Boredom and Lack of Stimulation
Boredom is another major cause of digging. Dogs need mental and physical stimulation to stay engaged and happy. When they don’t get enough exercise or mental challenges, they may resort to digging as an outlet for their pent-up energy. This is especially common in high-energy breeds like Border Collies, Labrador Retrievers, and Jack Russell Terriers, who require a lot of mental and physical activity.
Dogs that are left alone for long periods of time with little to do may start digging as a way to cope with their boredom. Without adequate stimulation, they seek ways to engage with their environment, and digging often becomes an easy solution. Providing your dog with regular walks, playtime, and interactive toys can help reduce the likelihood of digging due to boredom.
Anxiety and Stress
Digging can also be a response to anxiety or stress. Dogs that are feeling anxious or nervous may dig as a coping mechanism. Separation anxiety is a common trigger for digging behavior. When a dog is left alone, they may dig in an attempt to escape or alleviate their stress. Similarly, a change in the household, such as the introduction of a new pet, moving to a new home, or the arrival of a baby, can cause stress that may manifest as digging.
Dogs with separation anxiety may dig around doors, windows, or gates in an attempt to escape and reunite with their owners. This type of digging is often accompanied by other signs of anxiety, such as whining, drooling, or destructive behavior. It’s important to recognize the difference between digging due to anxiety and digging caused by other factors, as the treatment approaches will vary.
Seeking Shelter or Safety
In some cases, digging is a behavior rooted in seeking shelter or safety. If your dog feels threatened or scared, they may dig to find a safe hiding spot. This behavior may be triggered by loud noises such as thunderstorms, fireworks, or construction sounds. Some dogs have an intense fear of loud noises, and digging provides them with a sense of security.
Similarly, if your dog feels threatened by another dog or animal in the yard, they might dig in an attempt to create a barrier between themselves and the perceived danger. This type of digging may be accompanied by other fearful behaviors, such as trembling or hiding. Dogs that exhibit this behavior may need extra reassurance and training to help them feel safe in their environment.
How to Address Digging Behavior
Understanding why your dog digs is the first step in addressing the behavior. Once you’ve identified the root cause, you can implement strategies to reduce or eliminate the behavior. Here are some general tips to help manage digging:
- Provide Adequate Exercise: Ensure your dog is getting enough physical and mental stimulation through daily walks, play sessions, and interactive toys. High-energy dogs may benefit from additional activities like agility training or puzzle games.
- Create a Designated Digging Area: If digging is a natural instinct for your dog, try to redirect it to a specific area, such as a sandpit or a designated section of the yard. Encourage your dog to dig in this area by burying toys or treats.
- Increase Comfort: If your dog is digging for comfort or temperature regulation, consider providing a cool or warm space for them to rest. Ensure that their bed or resting area is comfortable and free from distractions.
- Training and Redirection: If your dog is digging for attention or due to boredom, use positive reinforcement to redirect their attention to more appropriate activities. Reward them for engaging in play or training sessions instead of digging.
- Seek Professional Help: If digging is related to anxiety or fear, it may be beneficial to consult with a professional dog trainer or behaviorist. They can help you address the underlying cause of the behavior and develop a tailored training plan.
Final Thoughts
Digging is a common but often misunderstood behavior in dogs. Whether it’s due to instinct, boredom, anxiety, or a need for comfort, understanding the root cause of the digging is key to addressing it effectively. By providing your dog with the appropriate stimulation, comfort, and training, you can help them curb their digging behavior and create a more harmonious environment. If necessary, seek professional guidance to address more complex issues such as separation anxiety or fear-based digging. With patience and the right approach, you can help your dog move beyond digging and enjoy a fulfilling, behaviorally balanced life.